For the next 20 or so years, Just spent every summer but one at the MBL. In his research, he tried his best to simulate a natural environment for the study of whole cells instead of breaking them down in …
went through an easy delivery a little after midnight on Tuesday morning, 14 August." [9] He discovered what is known as the fast block to polyspermy; he further elucidated the slow block, which had been discovered by Fol in the 1870s; and he showed that the adhesive properties of the cells of the early embryo are surface phenomena exquisitely dependent on developmental stage. "[3], On November 17, 1911, Ernest Just and three Howard University students (Edgar Amos Love, Oscar James Cooper, and Frank Coleman), established the Omega Psi Phi fraternity on the campus of Howard. He later moved his European-based studies to Paris and to the marine laboratory at the French fishing village of Roscoff, located on the English channel. Your email address will not be published. Sy Scholfield quotes from Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just by Kenneth R. Manning (Oxford University, 1985), p. 5: "Mary Mathews Just . Achievements by Black inventors can be seen as far back as ancient Africa but much of society has no idea that many of the products or devices that make their everyday lives more enjoyable are the result of the hard work and ingenuity of Blacks. The town they founded, now incorporated in the West Ashley area of Charleston, was eventually named Maryville in her honor. In the fall of 1941, he was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, and died shortly thereafter.
Grunwald, Gerald B. He had previously learned to read and write, but now had to relearn. Bad Fads Museum (1985), "Just in the middle: A solution to the mechanist-vitalist controversy". Jacques Loeb started cell biology research in 1899 but only got so far and a decade later in 1911, Ernest started his own cell biology work. During this time and later, Just's experiments focused mainly on the eggs of marine invertebrates. Ernest Just was a pioneer in the study of human egg fertilization, artificial parthenogenesis, the relationship of bacteria to human cells, and the effect of environment on cell division. [7] Just enjoyed working in Europe because he did not face as much discrimination there in comparison to the U.S. and when he did encounter racism, it invariably came from Americans. His coursework continued in-residence at the University of Chicago. Ernest Everett Just died at the age of fifty-eight of pancreatic cancer on October 27, 1941 in his home in Washington, D.C. In other countries, he was treated as a a pioneer, recruited to work with Russian scientists and invited to be a guest worker at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology, at the time the world’s greatest scientific research laboratory. Great Black Heroes
"[3] He began his graduate training with coursework at the MBL: in 1909 and 1910 he took courses in invertebrate zoology and embryology, respectively, there. [7], At the outbreak of World War II, Just was working at the Station Biologique in Roscoff, researching the paper that would become Unsolved Problems of General Biology. Ernest Just died on October 27th 1941. [7] In 1929, Just traveled to Naples, Italy, where he conducted experiments at the prestigious zoological station "Anton Dohrn". He discovered what is known as the fast block to polyspermy; he further elucidated the slow block, which had been discovered by Fol in the 1870s; and he showed that the adhesive properties of the cells of the early embryo are surface phenomena exquisitely dependent on developmental stage. While at the MBL, Just learned to handle marine invertebrate eggs and embryos with skill and understanding, and soon his expertise was in great demand by both junior and senior researchers alike. The Black Inventor Online Museum ™, is a look at the great and often unrecognized pioneers in the field of invention and innovation. Scientists treated him like a celebrity and encouraged him to extend his theory on the ectoplasm to other species. In his research, he tried his best to simulate a natural environment for the study of whole cells instead of breaking them down in … Gould, S. J. He also researched parthenogenesis (developing marine eggs without fertilization). In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante included Just on his list of the 100 Greatest African Americans. degree. Although the French government requested foreigners to evacuate the country, Just remained to complete his work. Needleman, D.; J. Brugues (2014), "Determining physical principles of subcellular organization". Mary Matthews Just taught at an African-American school in Charleston to support her family. He believed that in learning about healthy cells and cell structures, man could hope to understand and find cures for cellular irregularities and diseases such as sickle cell anemia and cancer. While working on this research he made a discovery about cell cleavage, which is the successive cell divisions which lead up to the creation of the embryo. He was convinced that the surface of the egg cell possesses an "independent irritability," which enables the egg (and all cells) to respond productively to diverse stimuli.[32]. [2], When Just was young, he became severely sick for six weeks with typhoid. Just alla Stazione Zoologica di Napoli: celebrazione di un’amicizia, "E. E. Just's 'independent irritability' revisited: The activated egg as excitable soft matter", "'Just in time': Gene theory and the biology of the cell surface", "Just and Unjust: E. E. Just (1883-1941)", "Cellular politics: Ernest Everett Just, Richard B. Goldschmidt, and the attempt to reconcile embryology and genetics", "Faces of Science: African-American in the Sciences", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Everett_Just&oldid=977161877, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Grantham, Shelby (1983), "The Greatest Problem in American Biology...". [30] He also wrote: "[L]ife is the harmonious organization of events, the resultant of a communion of structures and reactions",[10] and "We [scientists] have often striven to prove life as wholly mechanistic, starting with the hypothesis that organisms are machines! Charras, G. T.; T. J. Mitchison; L. Mahedevan (2009), "Animal cell hydraulics". He investigated the fertilization reaction and the breeding habits of species such as Platynereis megalops, Nereis limbata, and Arbacia punctulata. Not long after beginning his appointment at Howard, Just was introduced to Frank R. Lillie, the head of the Department of Zoology at the University of Chicago. In: Rainer R., D. Benson, J. Maienschein (eds). Ernest Everett Just Just, Ernest Everett (1883-1941) was an internationally known American biologist, zoologist, and physiologist who made major contributions to the field of biology through his pioneering research into fertilization, experimental parthenogenesis, and cell physiology.
Ernest Just was born on August 14, 1883 in Charleston, South Carolina. Beginning in 1933, when the Nazis began to take the control of the country, Just ceased his work in Germany. Through hard work, Ernest was able to earn enough money to attend the Kimball Academy in New Hampshire. January 20, 2017 - 8:11 pm by gregory brown sr, November 4, 2016 - 5:05 pm by gregory brown sr, November 4, 2016 - 4:59 pm by gregory brown sr, November 4, 2016 - 4:55 pm by gregory brown sr, © Copyright 2019 - Adscape International, LLC -. In 1907, Just first began teaching rhetoric and English, fields somewhat removed from his specialty.
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