She attended Barnard College for a year, gaining the minimum of one year of liberal arts education that was a prerequisite for admission to the School of Architecture at Columbia University.After graduating from Columbia, Sklarek faced discrimination in her search for work as an architect, applying to and being rejected by nineteen firms.
Sklarek left Siegel Sklarek Diamond after four years because she and her partners were not able to get commissions for large-scale projects, and she missed the income and challenges they brought. Norma Sklarek: Pioneer in Architecture - Design Pulp, post-template-default,single,single-post,postid-2920,single-format-standard,bridge-core-2.3.2,ajax_fade,page_not_loaded,,footer_responsive_adv,qode-child-theme-ver-1.0.0,qode-theme-ver-21.8,qode-theme-bridge,qode_header_in_grid,wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-6.2.0,vc_responsive. [3] After being known as Norma Merrick Fairweather in one of her marriages, she changed her last name to Sklarek in 1967 when she married Bauhaus graduate Rolf Sklarek, a Gruen architect whom she met at the Gruen Associates Firm. Her intelligence, talent, and tenacity allowed her to overcome racism and sexism and become a prominent architect and a leader in the profession. Only the U.S. Embassy in Japan acknowledges Sklarek's contributions.[2]. [3] As a result, she graduated five years later with her degree in architecture as the only African American woman.[1][3][4]. Starting in 1954, she was the first African American woman to earn an architecture license in New York, then 12 years later she became the first in California. Sklarek, Norma Merrick, American, 1926 - 2012 Date 1993 Medium ink on paper Dimensions H x W: 9 5/16 × 3 1/2 in. She served on many professional boards and committees, including the California State Board of Architectural Examiners, the AIA National Ethics Council, and as a juror for the National Council of Architecture Registration Boards (NCARB).2525Black, “Sklarek, Norma Merrick.” She was director of the University of Southern California Architects Guild and a director of the Los Angeles American Institute of Architects. In 1962 Sklarek received her license to practice architecture in California (thus holding licenses in both New York and California simultaneously) and by 1966 she had become Gruen's first African-American female director. Colleagues such as Marshall Purnell, Katherine Diamond, and others credit her for mentoring them by example and encouraging their success. Norma Sklarek, 1926-2012 Tags: In her honor, Howard University offers the Norma Merrick Sklarek Architectural Scholarship Award. Whenever a client was introduced to an architect, the presence and name of a female architect was kept unknown in order to keep businesses running. “Sklarek, Norma Merrick.” In, Brooks, Nancy Rivera.
[3][4], In 1960, Sklarek accepted the position of the first female vice president for Gruen and Associates in Los Angeles, where she worked for two decades. Marshall Purnell, a former president of the American Institute of Architects, has said Sklarek was more than capable of designing, but it was unheard of to have an African American female in that client-facing role. According to Marshall Purnell, a former president of the American Institute of Architects, she was more than capable of designing large projects, but “it was unheard of to have an African American female who was registered as an architect. At the time, it was the largest woman-owned architectural firm in the United States, and Sklarek was the first African American woman to co-own an architectural practice.2020Black, “Sklarek, Norma Merrick.” The firm’s projects included the Tarzana Promenade, a 90,000-square-foot medical and retail center, remodeling of the Lawndale Civic Center, and additions to schools and other institutional buildings.2121Nancy Rivera Brooks, “Women Architects Join to Build Career,” Los Angeles Times July 29, 1986. http://articles.latimes.com/1986-07-27/business/fi-1731_1_architecture-profession In the same year she started her firm, she married Dr. Cornelius Welch. [3] These projects included the California Mart, Pacific Design Center, Fox Hills Mall, San Bernardino City Hall, Leo Baeck Temple and the Embassy of the United States in Tokyo. She attended Barnard College for a year (1944–45), gaining the minimum of one year of liberal arts education that was a prerequisite for admission to the School of Architecture at Columbia University. Not only was she an incredible influence on the world of architecture, she has been a pioneer for women and people of color in the design industry. ©2020 the modernist - 58 Port Street Manchester, M1 2EQ. Yet he had not noticed that the young man had been late for two years. Sklarek was the only black woman at the firm, but despite the scrutiny she felt at first, this is where she really began to make a name for herself in the world of architecture. [3][4][5] Maintaining a special father and daughter connection, Sklarek leaned towards architecture after being taught how to be hands-on in several activities and being exceptional in mathematics and science at Hunter College High School. Everywhere she went, she was first.’. The $50-million station was constructed nearly two decades later to increase capacity. International Archive of Women in Architecture, biographical database information, Layla Bellows, “Norma Sklarek, FAIA: A Litany of Firsts that Defined a Career, and a Legacy,”, http://www.oxfordaasc.com/article/opr/t0001/e3731, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/feb/10/local/la-me-norma-sklarek-20120210, http://www.visionaryproject.org/sklareknorma/, http://news.illinois.edu/news/06/0209architects.html, http://www.aia.org/akr/Resources/Audio/AIAP037892?dvid=&recspec=AIAP037892, http://www.inc.com/magazine/201205/jeff-bailey/norma-merrick-sklarek-architect-legacy.html, http://articles.latimes.com/1986-07-27/business/fi-1731_1_architecture-profession, http://www.aia.org/practicing/AIAB093149?dvid=&recspec=AIAB093149#, https://archpaper.com/2012/02/obit-norma-merrick-sklarek-1926-2012/, California Mart, Los Angeles, 1963, Gruen Associates, Park Center Commercial Complex, San Jose, Calif., 1970–85, Gruen, San Bernardino City Hall, San Bernardino, Calif., 1972–73, Gruen, Commons-Courthouse Center, Columbus, Ind., 1973, Gruen, The United States Embassy, Tokyo, Japan, 1976, Gruen, Pacific Design Center, Los Angeles, 1978, Gruen, Terminal One at the Los Angeles International Airport, Los Angeles, 1984, Welton Becket Associates, Mall of America, Minneapolis, Minn., 1992, Jerde Partnership, Fellow, American Institute of Architects, 1980, first African American woman, Association of Black Women Entrepreneurs’ Outstanding Business Role Model Award, 1987, Honored by the National Organization of Minority Architects, Honored by the Black Women in Sisterhood for Action, Honorary member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority, 1998, Norma Merrick Sklarek Architectural Scholarship Award established at Howard University, Resolution from California State Legislature honoring Norma Merrick Sklarek, 2007, Department of Public Works, New York City, 1950–55, Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill, New York City, 1955–60, Welton Becket Associates, vice president and project director, Santa Monica, Calif., 1980–85, Siegel, Sklarek and Diamond, founding partner, Venice, Calif., 1985–89, Jerde Partnership, principal of project management, Venice, 1989–92, Licensed Architect, State of New York, 1954, first African American woman, American Institute of Architects, 1959, first African American woman member, Licensed in the state of California, 1962, first African American woman, National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARE), master juror, 1987, Los Angeles American Institute of Architects, director, University of Southern California Architectural Guild, director, California State Board of Architectural Examiners, commissioner, 2003-2007. In 2008 Norma Merrick Sklarek received the prestigious Whitney M. Young Jr. Award by the AIA. Born and schooled in New York City, she was most successful after moving to California at age 35. She was in production, and she would tell you production was the real work.". Sklarek went on to join JERDE Partnership in 1989, taught at University of California at Los Angeles and served as director for the University of Southern California Architects Guild, all before retiring in 1992. She joined the Jerde Partnership as principal of project management. Sklarek's life was full of firsts: she was the first African American woman to be a licensed woman architect in New York and California; to be a member of AIA and elected to the College of Fellows; and to co-own an architectural firm. “Norma Sklarek: Visionary Videos.” In 1959, she became the first African American woman member of the American Institute of Architects.1111Bellows, “Norma Sklarek, FAIA.” Beverly L. Greene, licensed in 1942, is believed to be the first African American woman in the United States licensed as an architect. Sklarek, Norma Merrick, and Wesley H. Henderson. Melissa Mitchell, “Research Project Spotlights African-American Architects from University of Illinois,” February 9, 2006. “Norma Sklarek: Visionary Videos: NVLP: African American History.” Interview. [2][3][4] Rolf Sklarek died in 1984 and she married Dr. Cornelius Welch a few years later. In 1960, she relocated and took a job at Gruen Associates in Los Angeles.
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